How Hofmeister ion interactions affect protein stability

Arginine and the Hofmeister Series: the role of ion-ion interactions in protein aggregation suppression.

L-Arginine hydrochloride is a very important aggregation suppressor for which there has been much attention given regarding elucidating its mechanism of action. Little consideration, however, has been given toward other salt forms besides chloride, even though the counterion likely imparts a large influence per the Hofmeister Series. Here, we report an in depth analysis of the role the counteri...

Protein-protein interactions affect alpha helix stability in crowded environments.

The dense, heterogeneous cellular environment is known to affect protein stability through interactions with other biomacromolecules. The effect of excluded volume due to these biomolecules, also known as crowding agents, on a protein of interest, or test protein, has long been known to increase the stability of a test protein. Recently, it has been recognized that attractive protein-crowder in...

How binary interactions affect stellar population synthesis

The single star-stellar population (ss-SSP) models are usually used for stellar population studies. However, there are more than 50% stars that are in binaries and evolve differently from single stars. This suggests when we model the stellar populations of galaxies and star clusters, the effects of binary interactions should be considered. Although a few works tried to model stellar populations...

How urbanization affect employment and social interactions

We develop a model where the unemployed workers in the city can find a job either directly or through weak or strong ties. We show that, in denser areas, individuals choose to interact with more people and meet more random encounters (weak ties) than in sparsely populated areas. We also demonstrate that, for a low urbanization level, there is a unique steady-state equilibrium where workers do n...

Ion Specific Hofmeister Effects Solution electrostatics beyond pH: a coarse grained approach to ion specific interactions between macromolecules